What Are Crazy Ants?
There are two main crazy ant species in North America, although the longhorn crazy ant (Paratrechina longicornis) is the most widespread and problematic in the Carolinas. Originally native to Africa or Asia, it was introduced into the U.S. on cargo ships and is now prevalent in towns and cities across the region. The other common U.S. species is the tawny crazy ant (Nylanderia fulva); imported from South America, which is primarily found in Texas.
Crazy ants typically measure between two and three millimetres and range in color from dark brown to black. They get their name from their rapid, unpredictable movements. Unlike many other ant species, they have unusually long legs, which makes their motion look even more chaotic.
Their colonies are often polygyne, meaning they have many queens, as well as the standard workers, reproductives, and larva that make up ant colonies. However, crazy ant colonies grow much larger than most, often comprising millions of individuals. This is the hallmark of their dominant nature that allows them to outcompete native species for resources.